Baghdad Associated with the emergence of the Abbasid Caliphate ;
Abbasy`s took power in 750 AD after the fall of the Umauy`s family. . In 762 the Abbasy`s transfer the capital from Damascus to Iraq and built the capital, Baghdad.

Established by the Caliph Abu Jaafar Al-Mansur in 762 AD on the right bank of the Tigris River, Baghdad was round at its inception and has four rounded sections and Abu Jaafar make two walls for , and then built a palace and mosque in the middle.

Baghdad was in the fourth century of the most famous cities, cultural, political, and we have reached in the era of Caliph Harun al-Rashid the glory, and has expanded greatly, Baghdad over the distinct history known as a scientific status , the Caliph Harun al-Rashid established the House of Wisdom, and his son completed the secure in the fourth century AH, a the words of the House Science and the library was being held by the boards of Science, where he will meet a large number of scientists and researchers and the purpose of the translation of scientific debates, and the Abbasid Caliph Harun al-Rashid is safe after participating actively involved in these councils.

Have contributed to the library an effective contribution to the development of medical science, chemistry and astronomy, with practical experience and scientific research are under way, and the caliphs and wealthy individuals are making commendable efforts in the collection of rare books and facilitate the use of scholars, as established by Caliph Harun al-Rashid in his palace a special place to collect a lot of rare books and Arab non-Arab, and then came after him safe in the increasing wealth of the Treasury, even those containing thousands of volumes, and also appeared in the Baghdad of the other tanks had fired on the books of that era the golden age.

some Of historical monuments:

1 - AL-Mustansiriya school
2 - Abbasid Palace
3 - School reefs and known today (inclusive Morjane)
4 - Morgan Khan
5 - East wall of Baghdad, and the four doors doors / door of the holy - Bab Zvrip (Middle) - Bab Al-Halaba - Bab Albsalia
6 - Tel Al-hraml
7 - Akerkov
8 - Madaen (Tesfon)
9 - Panorama Qadisiyah

The fall of Baghdad:

Baghdad Experienced the horrors of the great strife, the turmoil spread for a long period of which has affected on it constructions and buildings and ridden the temptation for a while, the weakness of the Abbasid Caliphate and the Sultan interference in the leadership of the Abbasy`s governance.

In 1258 AD Holako down on Baghdad and besieged by war and the continued internal dissension that occurred over the seizure of Baghdad, the Tatars were killed and Sons of Khalifa Mu'Tasim and his entourage and the break down the inviolability of Baghdad for a long time and got down the sun of the Caliphate of Baghdad after a five-centuries, was a disaster for the whole Islamic world. Then the Mongols conquered more than once in the last of which was led by Tamerlane 1400 AD he occupy forcibly , destroy and kill its people highly lethal and his soldier messing around the city savagely for one week committed by the evil actions .

In 1508 AD invaded by Shah Ismail safawy, the city remained in the hands of safawy till 1534 AD when the Ottomans took gently , and then returned to the e safawy in 1623 AD and remained in their hands even recovered by the Ottoman Sultan Murad IV in 1638 AD.

Those events led to a decline in Baghdad and a weakness and the delay in all aspects of culture that defined the era of Baghdad, a long time.

In 1916 AD Baghdad fell under the hands of the British, and when the Iraqi revolution against the British rushed in Iraq , The British Took a mandate from the Council of the League of Nations the instrument of assignment in which the recognition of Iraq's acceptance of an independent management consulting provided by the State delegated to be able to do themselves.
In 1958 the army revolution change Iraq from royalty to presidential till 9.4.2003 when Baghdad fall again under the Americans occupation

Baghdad is the capital of Iraq and is still as yet