INSOMNIA

INTRODUCTION
Insomnia which spells latin for ‘no sleep’ pertains to the inability to switch to sleep. This disorder proves to be the most common sleep complaint among many of us.Insomnia often it a symptom of some other disease or condition.
Insomnia distinguishes itself into two categories
• Acute
• Chronic
Research reveals that about 30-40% of all adults complain of insomnia wheras of which 10-15% claim to be the victims of chronic insomnia.Problems of menstruration, pregnancy and menopause may also be attributed as the chief symptoms of insomnia in women. More often, people experience chronic-intermittent insomnia which is kind of vanishing and recurring disorder.
Insomnia is very often a symptom of some other disease or condition. It however is capable of existing as an individual disease.It is usually related to emotional disturbances and in almost 50% of the cases is stress induced. Digestion problems, Restless legs syndrome,depression, sleep apnea or pain in some part of the body may also lead to insomnia. Incidences like loss of a relation, job , degree or any such form of emotional turbulence or anxiousness and excitement like before going for picnics or get-togethers also aggravate the illness. Medications taken for high blood pressure, birth control, thyroid diseases or asthama can also lead to insomnia. Jetlag, irregular synchronization with the body’s biological clock and night shifts are other probable causes.
SYMPTOMS:
The symptoms of insomnia as stated above are varied and mainly dependent on the lifestyle of the individual. Hence, these can be bulleted as follows:
• Sleep apnea
• Frequent arousal from sleep at night
• Very early rising
• Concentration difficulties
• Frustration
• Daytime sleepiness
TREATMENT:
A majority of chronic insomnia patients experience an excessive sense of arousal during the night. Insomnia, if left untreated can lead to greater illnesses, poor health and greater frequency in emotional distress. Insomnia is different from sleep deprivation. In fact, it is loss of sleep. Medical practitioners therefore go in for a complete physical examination and recording of sleep period.
There are several relaxation techniques like yoga and meditation that may help mould the body so as to relieve stress and promote sleep.
Behavioural therapy too is an integral part of the treatment provided for insomnia.Dreading the thought of another sleepless night by a patient who suffers from insomnia may turn out to be another cause of this problem.Therefore a combined team of behavioural therapy is generlly recommended. These include:
• Scheduled sleeping time table
• Cognitive therapy
• Providing an individual with an environment that promotes sleep.
Behavioural therapies are further combined with medications that completely eradicates or atleast eradicates the problem to a greater extent.
Certain sedatives, barbiturates and hypnotics act on the active areas of the brain which promote sleep. Nevertheless, such drugs may have certain side effects, one of the worst of which is drug addiction.
Conclusion
• Maintaining a proper sleep hygeine is the only way to attain quality sleep.
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