The word jewelry is derived from the Latin jocale, meaning plaything. She is the oldest form of body ornamentation. In ancient times the jewel was made of bone, teeth of animals, wood and stones, etc.. A specific part was made for each part of the body. Apart from its functional use, the jewel was a symbol of wealth, status and society. Was used to move a wedding dowry, to keep a large amount of wealth or just for artistic display. With the fast growth of the art designs of jewelry, people not only liked to use them, but did not care to spend large sums of money in them. Some projects are made with coins, gems, etc.. and they are mounted in precious metals like gold, silver, platinum or white gold. Currently most of the jewelry are made of an alloy of gold, which shows its purity in karat indicates a number followed by K. The jewel of American gold is 10 K which is the gold of 41.7%. The highest levels of purity are 22K which is the gold of 91.6% pure and 24K which is 99.9% pure and these levels are used in Asia, the Middle East and Africa. For silver jewelry, silver sterling or 92.5% of silver are used. Additionally, the inexpensive jewelry is also available. These jewels are made with glass, semi-precious stones, wood, bone, ivory, etc.. Metal, clay and wood are also used to make bracelets, necklaces, earrings and rings. Among the precious stones, diamonds are the best friends of women. There are also other stones like amethyst, ruby, emerald, etc.. These stones are mounted in gold, silver and platinum with different techniques to achieve different results with a high degree of polishing. The brushed surface gives the jewelry a soft look, while the coating provides a hammered texture wavy. The jewelry had different meanings for different cultures. As in Rome, people were allowed to use a certain level rings. In other cases, over the ages 19 and 20, the use of earrings by men was considered effeminate. According to recent culture, piercing the body and use rings has become a symbol of courage, while other cultures are against this superstition. The use of jewelry has religious importance too. According to Hinduism, married women must wear a gold necklace with black granules, while in Islam, men should wear gold. The history of jewelry dates thousands of years. The first signs of jewelry were found from 40,000 years ago, the CTOC - Magnons that originated in the Middle East and migrated to Europe. They made their jewelry with bones, teeth, rocks, etc.. Traces of copper jewelry dating from 7000 years ago. In ancient Egypt, it was from 3000-5000 jewel ago. They preferred gold to other materials and used colored glass instead of stones. There sinas of jewels found in other places such as Mesopotamia, Greece, Italy, India, China and everywhere.
The trend of modern jewelry started in 1940 at the end of the second world war. George Jensen and other designers spread the idea of jewelry with different materials being used as the precious metal clay, plastics, semi-precious stones and staining methods. The craft also had a role in the trends of jewelry. The jewel of the project turned into a source of money and to satisfy the passion of art.
According to recent studies, the U.S. market is the largest consumer with a percentage of 30.8%, Japan, India, China and the Middle East, each with 8 to 9% and finally Italy with 5%. It is expected that there should be a dramatic change in the statistics of market share in 2015, India and China being the largest consumers.